Comparsion Study of Sexual Experience of Women with...

Michael W. Wiederman, Tamara Proyor, and C.Don Morgan, conducted a study comparing the sexual experiences of women with bulimia vs. women who suffered anorexia. Similar to this experiment control groups in the past have used bulimics and anorexics (Wiederman et al., 1996a). It had been reported that women who are bulimic have greater sexual activity and experience compared to women with anorexia, and are more likely to engage in sexual intercourse (Wiederman et al., 1996a). In addition reports have stated that â€Å"anorexia nervosa was often precipitated by menarche and the initiation of breast development, and that the anorexic individual often had difficulty negotiating heterosexual relationships, ultimately retreating from, or rejecting,†¦show more content†¦Also they were asked to â€Å"rate their satisfaction with their â€Å"current sexual activity†. 5-being extremely satisfied/extremely interested, and 1-being not at all satisfied/ not interested (Wiederman et al., 1996a). In addition â€Å"2 hour diagnostic assessments were conducted by clinicians experienced in the evaluation and treatment of eating disorders†, it began with â€Å"semi structured interviews conducted by a psychologist†, with the focus being on â€Å"patient’s current and past history of eating disorder symptoms, weight, and caloric intakes, as well as social and medical history† (Wiederman et al., 1996a). It â€Å"concluded with the staff psychiatrist who conducted a psychiatric interview including the Psychiatric Diagnostic Interview† (Wiederman et al., 1996a). The results for this experiment showed that bulimics were more sexually active than anorexics, with 53.4% of anorexics admitted to having sexual intercourse, and 85.6% of bulimics, and â€Å"with regard to having masturbated, only 24.2% of those diagnosed with anorexia nervosa indicated that they had such experience, whereas 51% of those diagnosed with bulimia nervosa indic ated that they masturbated†(Wiederman et al., 1996a). The conclusion of this study indicated the same results as past research determining that women with anorexia were less likely then women with bulimia to have had sexual intercourse (Wiederman et al., 1996a). In another study done by Michael W. Wiederman about Women, Sex, and

The School Act Of Building Student s Sexuality And Gender

Political systems The school acts as an important agent of building student’s sexuality and gender. According to Pascoe, high school acts as a primary socialization institution, and is central to building gender and sexuality in the society. The school administration seems to oppose the expressive behavior of teenagers. School officials uses their power to set up dress code, rules for appropriate behavior, and also on language, in order to promote a culturally constructed â€Å"healthy† environment in the campus. The school, in this case, plays a role of government and a leadership position. They have the monopoly over the use of force, although further regulated by the federal government, it suffices to control and regulate students.†¦show more content†¦These gender specific instructions intersects with racial specific instructions and inevitably shape the minds of these students at River High, of what is masculine, feminine, natural, weak, queer and so on. Authority figures like coaches or popular teachers are also crucial in telling teenagers what is masculine and feminine. They come to direct contact with the students day to day. Their authority allows them to â€Å"cause others to act based on characteristics such as honor, status, respect† according to Nada and Warms (209). Their behavior and opinion are more easily accepted and incorporated by the students. When a coach mocks his students in a male auto-shop class for not being strong enough, or precise enough, the coach establishes a standard for the class that â€Å"boys are supposed to be strong, precise, smart, systematic† and so on. When a female teacher asks the boys in the class to hand out condoms that they hid in their wallet, she establishes even more complex notion about sex and gender (which will be addressed in the Sex and Gender section). These authority figures discourage certain activities like dressing inappropriately or sexual expression, but they also encourage certain activities. They promote heteronormative practices and they seem to reward students for being â€Å"normal.† A pat on the back or a â€Å"steppin up† for the boys that started dating or students that got their first kiss affirms

Divine Intervention in the Iliad - 1550 Words

‘The Iliad’ is the greatest epic poem of classical Greece, attributed to Homer. The use of divine machinery is a prominent feature of many epics. The ‘Iliad’ is a story in which the gods and goddesses plays a vital role. Throughout the poem, the gods play an important role in the action of the plot and its outcome. In this poem we find so many Devine interventions in human activities .The interventions of the gods also serve to magnify the significance of human action. Infect, the epic begins with one of the divine intervention. In book I,which is named as PLAGUE AND WRATH, Apollos intervention on Chryses behalf begins the series of events that continue throughout the epic.When Chryses come to Greek’s swift ship to recover his captured†¦show more content†¦ATHENE, ordered by ZEUS, prompts Pandarus to shoot at Menelaus, restarting the battle. Once again, even though the tide of battle favors the Trojans, they are forced by divine powers to break a truce that they might not otherwise break. This intervention not only reinstates the battle, but it also further seals the demise of the Trojan city. In book V,DIODEMEDES’ HEROICS, ATHENE inspires Diomedes with the strength and the daring he needs to sustain his rampage.ATHENEs aid fills Diomedes with rage and produces carnage. This rampage directs the course of the battle for this entire book as Diomedes leads the Greek offensive and Trojan captains attempt to stand up to him. APHRODITE saves her son Aeneas from death at the hands of Diomedes. This intervention is more indicative of gods struggling with gods than gods manipulating men. Aeneas is threatened only because Diomedes has been made stronger by the influence of ATHENE. APHRODITE rescues her son from danger as she continues to struggling with hostile gods. ARES inspires Hector to lead the Trojans and defend their line against Diomedes attack. Once again, in response to the action of ATHENE, a god aides a Trojan captain. ARES raises Hectors strength and fills him with rage so that he can rally the Trojan warriors and defend against the rampagingShow MoreRelated Divine Intervention in Homers Epic Poem, The Iliad Essay2024 Words   |  9 Pages     Ã‚  Ã‚   The gods and goddesses that the Greek people believe in make up the Greek mythology studied today.   These divine characters represent a family living on Mount Olympus who intervene frequently in the lives of the human characters in Greek plays.   They are omnipresent, for they are always observing mans actions and working through human nature.   The gods are a higher power, and provide explanations for otherwise unexplainable events.   The gods help humans in troubleRead MoreDivine intervention dealing with Greek myths, especially The Odyssey and The Iliad.1474 Words   |  6 PagesDivine intervention is a feature of ancient Greek literature. One is amazed and even dumbfounded by the magical myths so frequently referred to. In Greek literature, the gods play an immense role in the lives and fates of the mortal dwellers of the earth. As one examines the gods throughout the myths and epic poems of the Greeks, one recieves a strong impression that the gods play with and manipulate mortals and each other. One goddess who exemplifies this is the great goddess Athena. This daughterRead MoreThe Iliad And The Odyssey977 Words   |  4 Pages One of the main recurring themes in the majority of Ancient Greek mythology is the act of divine intervention. In Greece during ancient times the polytheism of the people played a very large part in each aspect of their daily lives, so it was only natural for them to be included in their mythology. There is not a single Greek myth in history that does not contain some mention of at the very least a single god who played a part in the tale. In one way or another, gods within mythology affect theRead MoreComparing The Iliad And The Odyssey905 Words   |  4 PagesThis short essay will identify five traditional epic characteristics that are evident in both the Iliad and the Odyssey. The first epic characteristic evident in both epics is catalogs and genealogies. For instance, Book VIII of the Odyssey features a list of participants in the game (115-125) and the Iliad Book II features a catalog of ships (484-759). Secondly, both epics start in media res. The Odyssey starts ten years after the Trojan War and the Illiad starts nine years after the start of theRead More The Iliad Essay1854 Words   |  8 PagesDivine Intervention is a â€Å"direct and obvious intervention by a god or goddess in the affairs of humans†. In various myths such as the Iliad, the Epic of Gilgamesh, and Herakles, divine intervention was called upon in order to restrain a hero’s destructive or too powerful forces. Although the divine intervention was used to impair different heroes, the purpose to constrain was the same in all the narratives. Homer’s The Iliad: Book XX features a battle between the Trojans and Achaians, shortly afterRead MoreDevine Interaction: Greek Mythology Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesNothing would change a mortal human’s life more than interacting with the Gods. What is the reason for such events? The Olympian Gods constantly intervene with the mortals, but what is the cause? The Gods show their power over mortal men through divine interaction, physically and psychologically. The Gods and mortals interact in many different ways, but the natures of these interactions are what truly explain and describe how ancient Greeks recognized their Gods. It is important to understandRead MoreSimilarities Between The And The Epic Of The Iliad1570 Words   |  7 Pagesof years that the epic story the Iliad has survived, which is credited to the famous Greek poet, Homer. In the 2004 film Troy, directed by Wolfgang Peterson, the plot resembles and is based from the epic poem, the Iliad. When the movie Troy was released, there was criticism on how even though the movie was based off of the Iliad, there were numerous differences from the Iliad itself. Even with its differences, the movie, Troy, does have many similarities to the Iliad. Even though there are numerousRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And Gilgamesh845 Words   |  4 Pagesthings when others falter in the face of adversity. The role each hero plays in society varies greatly depending on the time period and the gods’ intervention in their worlds. They often possess great strength or other noble abilities. In Gilgamesh we see Enkidu and Gilgamesh blessed with incredible s trength so much so that it gets them into trouble. In The Iliad, there are many different heroes each with their own roles and abilities. Some are warriors, others are cunning in nature, and some possess theRead MoreHomer’S Two Tales, The Iliad And The Odyssey, Are Both1749 Words   |  7 PagesHomer’s two tales, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are both incredibly well known and widely taught across the world and at many different levels of education. Some call Homer the â€Å"greatest poet to ever live† and although this can be disputed his works truly speak for themselves and have braved the test of time quite well. This paper will cover who/whom Homer is as a person, or persons, and the time period of his writings, the truths versus the dramatizations of the Iliad and Odyssey, how the author’sRead MoreThe Epic Of An Epic886 Words   |  4 Pagesmeanings in different cultures. In addition to these mentioned characteristics, most epic poems conventions have common themes. For example, epics are â€Å"in medias res†, In Medias Res is Latin for it begins in the middle of things. Specifically, in Iliad, for example, the tale begins after the war between Greece and the forces of the walled city of Troy has been on going for approximately ten years. Another example of an epic starting in the middle can be found in the Odyssey. In the Odyssey, the story

Evidence and Methodology in Darwins Origin of the Species Essay Example For Students

Evidence and Methodology in Darwins Origin of the Species Essay Critically assess the roles of evidence and methodology in Darnings argument for natural selection in Chapter 4 tooth Origin of Species. Admans argument for natural selection in Chapter Four of The Origin of Species is well-founded and convincing, due to the interweaving tot both evidence and the methodology, which is of particular importance since this is the constituent upon which he represents his research data (evidence) and forms the basis of his argument. His theory is distinct from the others in the period, although similar ideas such as transmutation and extinction of species had been circulating while e fashioned his theory (and he does modify and incorporates some of these theories), Darnings uniqueness is likely a result of his deviating, attractive style of writing which provides a detailed, wide-ranging complete package explanation of his theory founded upon common indisputable facts, whereas many previously proposed theories lacked evidence and less prominent arguments or methods of communication, therefore subject to criticism and sparking debate With the public and religious conservatives. In regards to the methodology Darwin uses, the hypotheses and concepts e forms for his argument are established from observations made by other experts, as well as thought experiments and also his own experiments to test his predictions, justifying his conclusions both through an inductive and deductive method using secondary and primary sources of evidence. Throughout the chapter (Chapter 4: Natural Selection; or survival of the fittest), Darwin mainly relies on the observations of other experts in the field, such examples from the Sexual Selection chapter, in which the observations of Sir R, Heron on the female peacocks attraction tot male counterparts and M. Faber observing certain insects that have been seen to fight for a particular female, (who) then retires with the conquerors supports his argument/hypothesis (the victor or the best adapted in terms of attracting or fighting through natural selection, is always allowed to breed in this particular section, asserting Thus it is, as believe, have been mainly caused by sexual selection demonstrating his inductive methods to back his hypothesis. Furthermore, the evidence he draws from expert sources also support his argument and their status within the scientific community assists in persuading readers. Additionally, the observations which Darwin uses are relatively ordinary and commonplace, for example the aforementioned sexual selection example, to both the amateurs in the field, that is, the general public (E. G. The lower class: farmers and breeders) as well as the respective professionals thus allowing both parties in the audience to understand and encourage his argument further. Note that the usual means Of providing evidence was through the Scientific Method, in use 200 years before Darwin, validates the hypothesis by designing a suitable experiment for testing, a deductive approach, so Darnings slightly aberrant inductive approach was to rationalist the empirical data to fit his argument. The prominence and influence of his inductive methodology are emphasized in his observations while visiting the Galapagos Islands, in particular of a collection of finches was in fact a closely related group Of distinct species, all similar except for their bills . On examining the disparate use of the beak and food sources, Darwin asserts that natural selection had shaped one species has been taken and modified for different and the inductive process in which arrives at his hypothesis is current and persists in many (modern) secondary sources* describing Darnings theory. Apart from pure inductive reasoning from the observations of other experts, Darwin also justifies a number of his conclusions utilizing deductive methods, a more conformed scientific-method approach where hypotheses are tested, somewhat a reverse of inductive methods, consequently resulting in a very thorough examination of his hypotheses which are supported by a cycle in which tot inductive evidence supporting his postulate which in turn is backed by deductive evidence. As g. Runner advocates, Natural selection, amazingly was simply developed from fabricated evidence Darwin does indeed take various accounts of fabricated evidence, that is, his thought experiments, in his argument, which display both inductive and deductive reasoning. One instance of this is seen in the observation of insects seeking plant nectar [91. Darwin through research and observation proposes hypothetically (induction) that plants which excreted the most nectar, would most often be visited by insects transport ing the pollen, and most likely cross to give rise to various dealings thus having the best chance of surviving. .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .postImageUrl , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:hover , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:visited , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:active { border:0!important; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:active , .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7 .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud31673cbc6e6983ed8a907ddfbfaf7d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Southern Strategy EssayHe then deductively proceeds to test his hypothesis by examining male and female holly-trees, showing even in unfavorable weather conditions, female flowers rendered highly attractive by bees had been fertilized, before returning to a hypothetical, imaginary case where With different environmental conditions some species Of bees may have adapted to collecting pollen, seen having a differently constructed proboscis from certain types of flowers in the country. The inductive and deductive methods involved in demonstrating the separation of sexes, supports his single doctrine of natural selection through detailed evidence and precise illustrations and explanations. Furthermore, thought experiments analogous to the aforementioned example in the previous paragraph, are influential in his argument as they build upon prior accepted theories and theory loaded facts, allowing a deductive argument from the grounds that the assertions cannot be tales, removing doubt and skepticism associated with certain hypotheses. In the chapter Extinction caused by natural selection leading onto the next chapter The probable effects of the action of natural selection through divergence of character and extinction, on descendants of a common ancestor, Darwin alludes to the commonly accepted fact that extinction did occur, and provides a meticulous hypothesis on how extinction transpires with the aid of a diagram displaying the divergence of a particular species with each successive generation while in a previous chapter, he suggests that mans artificial selection in breeding is comparable to natural selection rhetorically asserting No one objects to agriculturists speaking of the potent effects of mans selection , and supposes in a hypothetical thought experiment that men in different nations bred for swifter and stronger/bulkier horses, thus creating two sub-breeds, and over time horses neither swift nor strong, thus not used for breeding, would tend to disappear. By means of the diagram. He portrays the dive rgence of a certain species, a horse in this case, over time branching out to multiple descent species (in the case Of horses, swifter/stronger characteristics) meanwhile showing another branch leading to the extinction of the less desired characteristics (slower, smaller horses for example). Hence, Darwin integrates an established theory into his hypothesis, which strengthens his argument into a presumably well founded, structured, persuasive argument since theories or facts with prior commitments will have an implicit authority when the hypothesis is judged. Tannins theory of natural selection, like any other theory was subject to criticisms and tests to assess the plausibility of his hypotheses though he addresses, modifies and explains aspects of his hypothesis to produce a firm, comprehensive argument, With regards to the Scientific Method, Howard E. Grubber, in his book Darwin on Man, sets out to argue that Darwin by 1838 had already deduced a hypothesis from the observations of previous years except that his hypothesis was wrong. Thus, Darwin kept following a self-corrective path, tweaking ideas or throwing them out entirely , hence portrays the significance of the methodology where a hypothesis is corrected until deemed satisfactory and corresponds with the evidence. There are many instances Of Darwin addressing criticisms from other experts, (although these are in later editions Of his book), one such example where Mr. H.